In the construction, the commonly used components made of reinforced concrete are beams, slabs, walls, columns, etc. Because these components play different roles in the construction, the steel bars in their internal configuration are also different.

　?。ㄒ唬┝簝?nèi)鋼筋的配置

　　(1) Allocation of reinforcing bars in beams

　　梁在鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件中屬于受彎構(gòu)件。在其內(nèi)部配置的鋼筋主要有：縱向受力鋼筋、彎起鋼筋、箍筋和架立筋等。

　　Beams belong to flexural members in reinforced concrete members. The main reinforcement configurations are longitudinal force reinforcement, bending reinforcement, stirrups and erecting reinforcement.

　　1、縱向受力鋼筋：布置在梁的受拉區(qū)，主要作用是接受由

　　1. Longitudinal stress reinforcement: arranged in the tension zone of the beam, the main function is to accept from

　　彎矩在梁內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的拉力。

　　The tension produced by the bending moment in the beam.

　　2、彎起鋼筋：彎起段用來接受彎矩和剪力產(chǎn)生的主拉應(yīng)力，彎起后的程度段可接受支座處的負(fù)彎矩，跨中程度段用來接受彎矩產(chǎn)生的拉力。彎起鋼筋的彎起角度有45?和60?兩種。

　　2. Bending reinforcing bar: Bending section is used to accept the principal tension stress caused by bending moment and shear force, the degree section after bending can accept the negative bending moment at the support, and the mid-span section is used to accept the tension caused by bending moment. The bending angle of the steel bar is 45? And 60? Respectively.

　　3、箍筋：主要用來接受由剪力和彎矩在梁內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的主拉應(yīng)力，固定縱向受力鋼筋，與其它鋼筋一同構(gòu)成鋼筋骨架。鋼箍的方式分啟齒式和封鎖式兩種。普通常用的是封鎖式。

　　3. Stirrups: They are mainly used to accept the principal tension stress produced by shear force and bending moment in the beam, fix the steel bar under longitudinal force, and form the steel bar skeleton together with other steel bars. There are two ways of steel hoop: open teeth type and blockade type. Commonly used is the blockade type.

　　4、架立筋：設(shè)置在梁的受壓區(qū)外緣兩側(cè)，用來固定箍筋和

　　4. erecting reinforcement: set on both sides of the outer edge of the compression zone of the beam to fix the stirrups and stirrups

　　構(gòu)成鋼筋骨架。

　　The steel bar skeleton is formed.

　?。ǘ┌鍍?nèi)鋼筋的配置

　　(2) Allocation of reinforcing bars in slabs

　　板在鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件中屬于受彎構(gòu)件。板內(nèi)配置有受力鋼筋

　　The slab is a flexural member in reinforced concrete members. The plate is equipped with stressed steel bars

　　和散布鋼筋兩種。

　　Two kinds of steel bar are used.

　　1、受力鋼筋：沿板的跨度方向在受拉區(qū)配置。單向板沿短向布置，四邊支承板，沿長短邊方向均應(yīng)布置受力筋。

　　1. Forced reinforcement: along the span direction of the slab in the tension zone. One-way slabs are arranged along the short direction, supporting slabs on four sides, and stress bars should be arranged along the long and short sides.

　　2、散布筋：布置在受力筋的內(nèi)側(cè)，與受力筋垂直。散布筋的作用是將板面上的荷載平均地傳給受力鋼筋，同時(shí)在澆注混凝土?xí)r固定受力筋的位置，且能抵御溫度應(yīng)力和收縮應(yīng)力。

　　2. Dispersing tendons: They are arranged on the inner side of the stressed tendons and are perpendicular to the stressed tendons. The function of distributed reinforcement is to transmit the load on the slab surface to the stressed reinforcement on average, and fix the position of the stressed reinforcement when pouring concrete, which can resist the temperature stress and shrinkage stress.

　　（三）柱內(nèi)鋼筋的配置

　　(3) Configuration of reinforcing bars in columns

　　柱在鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件中起受壓、受彎作用。柱依據(jù)外形不同有普通箍筋柱和螺旋箍筋柱兩種。柱內(nèi)配置的鋼筋有縱向鋼筋和箍筋?？v向鋼筋主要起接受壓力的作用，箍筋起限制橫向變形，有助抗壓強(qiáng)度進(jìn)步，對(duì)縱向鋼筋定位并與縱筋構(gòu)成鋼筋骨架的作用。柱內(nèi)箍筋應(yīng)采用封鎖式。

　　Columns act as compressive and flexural members of reinforced concrete. There are two kinds of columns according to their shapes: ordinary stirrup column and spiral stirrup column. The steel bars in the column are longitudinal steel bars and stirrups. Longitudinal reinforcing bars are mainly used to accept pressure. Stirrups restrict transverse deformation, help to improve compressive strength, locate longitudinal reinforcing bars and form reinforcing bar skeleton with longitudinal reinforcing bars. The stirrups in columns should be blocked.

　　（四）墻內(nèi)鋼筋的配置

　　(4) Allocation of reinforcing bars in walls

　　鋼筋混凝土墻內(nèi)依據(jù)需求可配置單層或雙層鋼筋網(wǎng)片，墻體鋼筋網(wǎng)片主要由豎筋和橫筋組成。豎筋的作用主要是接受程度荷載對(duì)墻體產(chǎn)生的拉應(yīng)力，橫筋主要用來固定豎筋的位置并接受一定的剪力作用。在設(shè)置雙層鋼筋網(wǎng)片的墻體中，為了保證兩鋼筋網(wǎng)片的正確位置，通常應(yīng)在兩片鋼筋網(wǎng)片之間設(shè)置撐鐵。

　　Reinforced concrete walls can be equipped with single or double-deck steel mesh according to the demand. The steel mesh of walls is mainly composed of vertical and transverse reinforcement. The main function of the vertical reinforcement is to accept the tension stress of the wall caused by the degree of load, while the transverse reinforcement is mainly used to fix the position of the vertical reinforcement and accept a certain shear force. In order to ensure the correct position of the two reinforcing steel meshes in the wall with double-layer reinforcing steel meshes, it is usually necessary to set bracing iron between the two reinforcing steel meshes.